GHSA-p8gp-2w28-mhwg

### Summary A Command Injection vulnerability allows authenticated users with write permissions to execute arbitrary shell commands on the Signal K server when the set-system-time plugin is enabled. Unauthenticated users can also exploit this vulnerability if security is disabled on the Signal K server. This occurs due to unsafe construction of shell commands when processing `navigation.datetime` values received via WebSocket delta messages.

### Details **Product:** Signal K set-system-time plugin **Repository:** https://github.com/SignalK/set-system-time

File: `index.js`, lines 60-71

```javascript stream.onValue(function (datetime) { var child if (process.platform == 'win32') { console.error("Set-system-time supports only linux-like os's") } else { if( ! plugin.useNetworkTime(options) ){ const useSudo = typeof options.sudo === 'undefined' || options.sudo const setDate = `date --iso-8601 -u -s "${datetime}"` // ← VULNERABLE const command = useSudo ? `if sudo -n date &> /dev/null ; then sudo ${setDate} ; else exit 3 ; fi` : setDate child = require('child_process').spawn('sh', ['-c', command]) // ← EXECUTES SHELL ```

The vulnerability has three components:

1. **Unsanitized Input**: The `datetime` value from `navigation.datetime` Signal K path is directly interpolated into a shell command without validation 2. **Shell Execution**: The command is executed via `spawn('sh', ['-c', command])`, which interprets shell metacharacters 3. **Sudo Privileges**: The plugin can execute with root privileges if `sudo` is misconfigured, instructions to limit passwordless sudo to the /bin/date binary helps mitigate this but RCE can still be achieved with the privileges of the user that installed it.

### PoC #### Exploitation Requirements

- Signal K server with security enabled, if disabled credentials not required - Valid user credentials with `readwrite` or `admin` permissions - set-system-time plugin installed and enabled - Signal K server installed on a Linux OS - Passwordless sudo configured, official instructions will do this for the `date` command which is enough to satisfy the if condition

```Python """ Run provided POC: python3 poc.py --host signalkserver_IP -u username -p password

Payload: Creates /tmp/signalk-RCE.txt to prove code execution """ ```

### Impact An attacker that has write privileges either through security on the Signal K server being disabled or valid credentials with read/write permissions can execute arbitrary commands on the server with the privileges of the SignalK process or root if sudo is misconfigured. This enables complete system compromise.

### Recommendations

- Replace shell-based execution with child_process.execFile() so user-controlled input is passed as arguments rather than interpreted by a shell.

- Validate that navigation.datetime conforms to an expected ISO-8601 format to improve robustness.