GHSA-jwp7-wg77-3w9v

### Summary The `fetch-apify-docs` tool validates URLs against a domain allowlist using `String.startsWith()` instead of proper URL hostname comparison. This allows bypass via attacker-controlled subdomains (e.g., `https://docs.apify.com.evil.com/`), enabling the tool to fetch and return arbitrary web content to the LLM.

### Details #### Vulnerable component

`src/tools/common/fetch_apify_docs.ts`, line 51:

```typescript const isAllowedDomain = ALLOWED_DOC_DOMAINS.some((domain) => url.startsWith(domain)); ```

`src/const.ts`, lines 167-170:

```typescript export const ALLOWED_DOC_DOMAINS = [ 'https://docs.apify.com', 'https://crawlee.dev', ] as const; ```

#### How the bypass works

`String.startsWith('https://docs.apify.com')` matches any string beginning with that prefix, including:

- `https://docs.apify.com.evil.com/payload` - attacker-controlled subdomain - `https://docs.apify.com@evil.com/payload` - userinfo component in URL (browser behavior varies, but `fetch()` in Node.js may follow this) - `https://docs.apify.com.evil.com:8080/path` - custom port on attacker domain

All of these pass the `startsWith` check because they begin with the exact string `https://docs.apify.com`.

#### The fetched content is returned to the LLM

After the allowlist check passes, the tool fetches the URL and returns the full page content as markdown (`fetch_apify_docs.ts:69-103`):

```typescript const response = await fetch(url); // ... const html = await response.text(); markdown = htmlToMarkdown(html); // ... return buildMCPResponse({ texts: [`Fetched content from ${url}:\n\n${markdown}`], ... }); ```

The HTML is converted to markdown and returned verbatim to the LLM. This creates a prompt injection vector - the attacker's page can contain instructions that the LLM may follow.

While tools like `get-html-skeleton` have no domain allowlist at all - it accepts any URL. The `fetch-apify-docs` tool was clearly intended to be more restricted (documentation-only), but the `startsWith` check defeats that intent.

### PoC ```json { "method": "tools/call", "params": { "name": "fetch-apify-docs", "arguments": { "url": "https://docs.apify.com.evil.com/prompt-injection-payload" } } } ```

The URL passes the `startsWith('https://docs.apify.com')` check, fetches the attacker's page, and returns its content to the LLM. ### Impact - **Prompt injection via fetched content**: Attacker hosts a page at `docs.apify.com.evil.com` containing LLM instructions. When the tool fetches and returns this content, the LLM may follow the injected instructions. - **Security boundary violation**: The allowlist was explicitly designed to restrict fetching to trusted documentation domains. The bypass defeats this intent. - **SSRF (limited)**: The tool can fetch from attacker-controlled servers, though the primary risk is the content returned to the LLM rather than network access. - **Account compromise via _meta.apifyToken**: Injected prompt instructions can direct the LLM to include a specific `_meta.apifyToken` (the server's per-request token feature) in subsequent `call-actor` invocations, redirecting billable operations to a victim's account or accessing their private Actors